Cold War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cold War - Essay Example Keeping the political and economic interests, Truman decided to confront with the expansionist Russia from an ideological vantage. He declared that his government would do anything to help the nations of the world to keep their liberty upright. But his intention to contain the communist expansionism lies at the hindsight of this policy. This policy of containment remains the sole baseline of the US policy throughout the whole Cold War. Indeed, all of Truman’s successors, more or less, endeavored to implement his policy of containment in different contexts with measures. Mainly two goals, namely supporting democracy and containment of communism, dominated the US policy for the Cold War. In his â€Å"Joint Address Before Congress† he unequivocally declares, â€Å"Greece must have assistance if it is to become a self-supporting and self-respecting democracy.† (Truman 3) The United States’ policy of containment was essentially the result of President Trumanâ⠂¬â„¢s reaction to the Communist expansion intention. In the Potsdam conference, it became clear that the Soviet leaders had no intention to retreat from their wartime position in Europe and the Middle East. ... Truman’s perception of this communist threat was evident in the â€Å"Joint Address before Congress† in March 12, 1947: Moreover, the disappearance of Greece as an independent State would have a profound effect upon those countries in Europe whose peoples are struggling against great difficulties to maintain their freedoms and their independence while they repair the damages of war. (Truman 5) Now the question is what threats Truman perceived because of the communist militias Greece, Turkey and Iran. It is clearly evident in the following part of his address that a sole intention to support democracy and to majority of the people’s opinion in contradiction against the anarchist communist minority. There might be the economic interests which might provoke Truman to raise his voice for democracy in those countries. Even if there was any, he wanted to fulfill those economic interests of the United States by collaborating with the majority of the people, not against their will, as the Soviet authority wanted. Truman’s perception of the communist threat is also evident in the following speech: â€Å"The very existence of the Greek state is today threatened by the terrorist activities of several thousand armed men, led by Communists† (Truman 2). Moreover, Truman might perceive that a sustainable democratic Europe was more congenial to the United States’ economic and political interests in this region. He envisaged that â€Å"an independent and economically sound State is clearly no less important to the freedom-loving peoples of the world than the future of Greece† (Truman 3). But the reason behind his emphasis on the retaining democracy was not only that the US is a democratic country but also that democracy is such a

Multinational Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Multinational Human Resource Management - Essay Example However, many HR managers in multinational companies face complex issues in business operation because culture changes from one business environment to another. One of the cultural frameworks that remain widely used across the global is Hofstede’s cultural framework. This framework is significant for multinational companies, but it also creates complex issues to managers in the process of policy implementations and practices. Culture impacts the role of HR managers when they attempt to address the issue of cultural differences on HR system change. 3Ghemawat and Reiche argue that the greater cultural distances among host and home companies, the complexity in the change process. Many companies employ the approach of Hofstede of national cultural differences, which include power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty and Confucian dynamism in establishing a relationship and various outcomes. Managers use high performance work system practices in relation to Hofstede cu ltural dimensions in various ways in order to create organizational transformation. However, the national cultural differences vary from one country to another; hence, they impact effective organizational performance from multinational companies. The legal and regulatory environment varies from one state to another in which these multinational companies are situated. Labor union is one of the institutional factors that impact beliefs and organizational norms within the associate companies. Many countries have varied laws that protect employees who participate in unions in order to support employment stability and compensation practices. For instance,... This paper stresses that foreign corporations seeking to execute policies and practices of western management approaches often face diverse personal issues . This results due to a different context of institutional regulations and cultural aspects where companies operate. Companies employ conceptual framework that emphasizes on HR management practices and the main issue related to adaptation of diverse policies at the national context. For instance, China is one of the countries that face varied issues in an attempt of using western managerial approach especially in recruiting are training employees with suitable or professional qualifications. Companies in varied nations differ with respect to their human resource management policies and practices. This essay makes a conclusion that cultural difference is one of the critical elements that have restricted HR managers in multinational companies from achieving their stated objectives. They force multinational companies to alter their trade practices and strategies in environment they operate. Labor union is one of the institutional factors that impact beliefs and organizational norms within the associate companies. The determinant of human resource transfer by multinational companies is high rooted to a larger extent in current institutional theory. Managerial values, leadership roles and managerial behaviors vary across nation cultures and institutions; thus, they can impact the performance for multinational companies.

Definition of Success Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Definition of Success - Essay Example Success is about demonstrating superiority in the form of capabilities. Success is characterized by self-development, strong commitment, learning, cooperating and mastery of tasks. Success is doing work as best as one can to achieve the goal set by the superior and feeling happy. For example, a team leader who develops a product that fulfills the needs of customers is deemed successful. Also, a junior officer who gets promoted after hard work and dedication is deemed successful. Success is goal related set by oneself or others. If the person achieves that goal then they have been successful. Success is therefore the effort applied in achieving that goal. It is all about satisfaction, achieving the goal and being happy with it. A successful person exceeds the success criteria of the set goal in given timelines effectively and efficiently, with an optimum utilization of a set budget without violating the core values of the company or organization. According to this dimension, success can also be defined as the pleasant and powerful feeling of achievement that brings growth, improvement, development and getting better. For instance, if a person who wanted to establish a business succeeds in doing so, the person is said to be successful. Also, an individual who, for instance wanted to join college, ends up in joining one, such an individual has also achieved his/her goal and is deemed successful. Finally, if a department that was required by the production manager to produce 1,000,000 computers ends up producing 1,000,100,000 computers, such a department is deemed successful because they have not only achieved their goal but also surpassed it. This dimension I view success as becoming famous by achieving what I have set out to do. Here, success is defined by the contributions a person makes. I define it particularly by the good that I have contributed as well as by what is remembered about me who has finished the work. I often measured by the difference

House Cats Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

House Cats Assignment - Essay Example It is true that training house cats can be a tough task however; house cats are best taken care of with time and patience. Positive reinforcement, love and affection are the best ways to help the house cat understand an individual. Pet cats often tend to misbehave with their owners if they are scolded or beaten up by them; they are like adolescent children that want to stay in their own element and not be disturbed by anything from the external environment. The first step involves helping the cat understand its name. Cats are often slowed down by distractions and get confused by too many objects in the vicinity. Thus, it is imperative to train the cat, with the help of treats, in order to help it recognize itself by its name. Furthermore, it has been found out what cats respond better to their owners when they show hints of joy or excitement in their voices. If a cat is spoken to gloomily, then it will cease to reply or be excited too. It is very important to train cats in a manner t hat they learn how to move around with the help of leashes or harnesses because then it becomes easy for the owners to travel with them and take them to different places. Cats are very agile and have very flexible bodies and thus they show resistance when being taught to move with a leash or a harness in the first place. However, they should not be restrained in a single place and should be given treats as and when they behave well with the leash. Cats need to be praised as and when they are placed in the harness in order to help them understand that they are doing a good job and will be rewarded well for their conduct. The cat should understand then that it is a good thing and pleases the owner when he stays inside the crate or the harness assigned to him instead of resisting it from time to time. This will help to discipline the cat and the method has usually worked better on cats as compared to dogs, which are nifty and frisky in nature. Cats are adorable creatures that usually k eep themselves busy no matter what time of the day it may be, or who may be around to play with them. Unlike dogs, they are easier to keep because they do not whine or become difficult when the owners are not around. Dogs on the other hand, require a great amount of attention and even while playing, they like to often play with the owners rather than by themselves. Thus, cats can be occupied with simple objects like bits of string and balls of wool from around the house. They like playing with objects like paper bags and small balls of foil and the best part about these items are that they can be found in and around the house itself. The owner need not spend time and money by looking for expensive toys for his or her cat, which the cat might eventually chew and tear up. Dogs on the other hand are difficult as they only play with balls or proper chewable toys, just like infants and toddlers. In conclusion, cats are adorable creatures that are immense fun to be around; they are not ve ry high maintenance as compared to dogs and thus make better house pets. Cats may be left alone or cuddled with and will remain loyal to the owners throughout their lives. They require love and attention however display a sense of understanding with their owners, better than any other domesticated animals. Therefore, people prefer owning house cats as pets because of these qualities that they possess, and the ease with which they may be handled and kept. Cats like exercising on their own and are not even as dirty as

Horizon international flight academy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Horizon international flight academy - Essay Example Belongingness involves family, love and friendship (Kreitner and Kinicki, 2006). The fourth stage is esteem, and Maslow denotes that human beings are in need of achievement, respect, confidences, and self esteem. The highest need in this hierarchy is self-actualization (Beck, 2004). Under this stage, man is driven by the need of growth and achieving success. It involves solving the various problems that an individual has to face in life, and being motivated (Schultz, 2013). The next motivational theory is Alderfer’s ERG theory. This theory is also referred to as the three needs theories, which are existence, relatedness, and growth (ERG). Under existence, an individual needs the basic facilities necessary to facilitate his or her survival within the community (Schultz, 2013). These basic needs are food, shelter, clothing, and even security. On this basis, Alderfer categorized the physiological and safety needs under existence (Fa?bregas and Scalise, 2012). It is important to d enote that these two aspects were categorized differently under the hierarchy of needs theory. Under relatedness, Alderfer denotes that the need to develop and maintain relationships is important. This is the second most important need that an individual needs to satisfy. ... David McClelland describes three types of motivational needs, namely; Achievement. Power. Affiliation. According to McClelland, these needs are found in every individual, and they determine the manner in which an individual interacts with others. Under achievement, an individual sets to realize the goals that he or she has set up to achieve. There is always a strong need of accomplishment, which must be followed by feedbacks. The second need is the need of power. Under this principle, an individual has the desire to have authority, and to be a decision maker. This also involves the desire for a person to increase his or her prestige and social status. The third need is the need for affiliation (Karabenick and Urdan, 2010). Under this need, an individual needs friends, and therefore there is a desire to interact and socialize with his or her peers. Another theory of motivation is the Herzberg’s Motivator-Hygiene Model. Under this theory, Herzberg denotes that there are factors that can cause job satisfaction, and there are also other factors that can cause job dissatisfaction (Lange, 2012). On this basis, when an employer is developing policies in regard to motivating his or her employees, they need to know factors that will motivate them, and factors that won’t motivate them. Herzberg further identifies the concepts of motivators, and hygiene factors. Motivators are factors that provide positive job satisfaction, while hygiene factors always provide negative job satisfaction (Lange, 2012). Finally, Adams’s Equity Theory of Motivation is an example of a theory of justice. It explains the satisfaction of an individual’s needs in terms of equity in the distribution of resources. This theory denotes that an individual who

Evaluating the Law of Theft Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Evaluating the Law of Theft - Essay Example The resulting act was an effort of a committee of parliament, Criminal Law Revision Committee, which was tasked to reform the English law of theft. To ensure that the law captures all those separate laws, substantial definitions were on all circumstances of stealing. The law further makes provisions for criminal proceedings available to one party in a marriage relationship against the partner. The law also makes some amendments to the Post Office Act 1953, besides other enactments and to serve other purposes connected to it. This is about the entire law, but in this analysis we are limited to section 1 only for the purposes of this study (Ramage, S, 2005). In section 1, subsection1 of the Act, a basic definition of the term theft is offered, by which the sections seek to set out what entails the offence of theft. A person will be said to be guilty of the offence if he dishonestly appropriates himself or herself, property belonging to another person, with a clear intention to deprive permanently the other of it. For purposes of legal interpretation, theft and stealing shall be construed accordingly to mean the same thing. Where, stealing can take the place of theft and theft can be said to be stealing. In order to be said that theft has occurred, the thief, according to subsection 2, will appropriate himself with a view to gain or otherwise for his own benefit. The owner of the property then, shall in this case, suffer the loss of enjoying the benefits of the property in which the thief has appropriated himself. The supplementary definitions of terms arising from the definition of theft have been substantially dealt with thereafter from section 2 to 6 (Hooper & Ormerod, 2011). There have been some changes to the act over the years, the latest being as late as 2006. The changes are carried in two major changes (repeals); the Theft Act 1978 and the Fraud Act 2006. The repealing acts does not replace the entire Theft Act 1968, but rather to define further sections which were found to be not sufficient in dealing with more offences that were committed, but the act did not sufficiently cover. The sections include 15, 16 and 18 of the Theft Act 1968 (UK). Section 16 deals with obtaining pecuniary advantage by deception in monetary terms. According to the section pecuniary advantage would result in one becoming richer that he was before the act of deception. It also includes situations where one should have paid for a good or service, in the process one does not gain more money but rather one remains with the money he should have paid. The law faced some challenges in the case of DPP v Ray (1974) AC 370 House of Lords where Ray had gone to a restaurant and ordered a meal with an intention to pay, but left after eating when the waiter left the room. Ray was originally not found guilty by a lower court, but the House of Lords overturned the ruling by allowing the case to go to fresh trial. He was convicted subsequently. The House of Lords held that Ray had a pecuniary advantage since he had not paid. He had deceived by representing himself originally as an honest customer (The Government of the United Kingdom). The danger with this section was that people would represent themselves as honest but decide to be deceptive in the process. The law would let them free if they proof that they did not intend to do so. This

Business Continuity and Crisis Management Essay

Business Continuity and Crisis Management - Essay Example As the study outlines most comments that arise in the use of business continuity and crisis management is that people tend to confuse its role with that of insurance companies. The manner in which business continuity and crisis management are also explored by providing an example from the City of London Resilience Forum. Introduction Business continuity management helps to ensure continuity of a business by focusing on the critical business process within and outside the organization. Unplanned events have a very devastating effect on both small and big businesses and they range from fire, damage to illness of key staff, IT system failure that makes it impossible to carry the smooth running operations of a business. The negative impact of business crisis is that it can make business loose customers who make an important component of the business and prevent the closure of businesses. Good planning of the business process helps minimize the potential impact of disaster thus prevent it from happening and spoiling for the business. Business continuity is an all-inclusive management process that recognizes potential effects that impends a business and gives an agenda for building elasticity and the ability for the organization to safeguard the interest of various stakeholders. According to Blyth, business continuity involves the management approving a strategic and tactical approach to dealing with emergency disasters that are unforeseen and may pose a negative effect to the company. In addition, business continuity can be defined as a cost-justified method aimed at reducing risks that may hinder the continuity of a business in the event of a disaster. Elliot, Swartz and Herbane in their book define business continuity as responding to a business interruption in such a way as to achieve the lowest level of inconvenience possible for the continued stability of the business. According to Regester and Larkini business continuity involves identifying the potential issu es that threaten to interfere with the existence of a business and formulate a framework that can effectively handle such issues whenever they arise. According to Kadam, business continuity management aims at managing risks in order to guarantee that the company endures in operating at the lowest prearranged risk level. An organization applies business continuity and crisis management practices to ensure continuity in the ways a business handles various crises. From this paper it is clear that the need for businesses to apply business continuity and crisis management strategies is conceived from the need to provide assurance for the continuity of the business process. The management should ensure that their business continuity and crisis management framework is able to restore a business to its earlier position and preserve all sectors of the business. Business continuity management is thus more than a crisis management since it is a comprehensive program that helps a business react quickly and effectively when faced with unplanned interruptions.