How instrumental are parents in the development of their children Essay

How instrumental are parents in the development of their children - Essay Example The extent to which this is the case, though, continues to be a source of vigorous contention as each side argues that the personality is shaped more by one influence than the other. While the argument that genetics plays a significant role in the development of a personality, it seems clear that the parents play a much greater role in establishing the tools and skills the child will need to function within their particular society. The idea that nurturing plays a more significant role in the development of a child is found in these children’s increased ability to function in society as adults thanks to what they learned from their parents’ actions. From birth, parents play a large role in the life of the child, teaching the child everything they will need to know to function within the society in which the parents find themselves. Through consistent close contact with the child, the parent is able to instill their own ideas, beliefs, practices and behaviors in the child while providing the child with the socialization skills he or she will need for interaction with others. As the first and most persistent contact, the relationship with the parent is thus the starting point from which all children enter the world. According to Jerome Kagan of Harvard University, â€Å"Parents who regularly talk and read to their children usually produce children with the largest vocabularies, the highest intellig ence scores, and the best academic grades †¦ Parents who reason with their children while making requests for obedience usually end up with more civil children† (101). The importance of this association is further highlighted in studies that have been conducted on young orphans who have undergone periods of neglect or privation as a result of their family tragedy. When these children were placed in nurturing homes, they were often able to overcome their early

Questions in Criminal Justice Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Questions in Criminal Justice - Coursework Example During the Bram v United States case, the judge gave his verdict in accordance to the rules of the 5th Amendment and stated that if a confession is to be used in the court, it has to be obtained on voluntary basis (Scheb, 2010, 497). During the third quarter of the 20th century, criminal cases in which confession was obtained through coercion were not admitted into the court of law on the basis of the due process. Confession is referred to an individual’s acceptance of being guilty of committing a crime after he has been interrogated and questioned by the law enforcement officers. In contrast to confession, admission refers to an individual’s acceptance of being guilty of committing a crime or being a part of a criminal activity without any interrogating questions or behaviour exercised by the law enforcing officers. During the Brown v Mississippi case, the judge stated that a confession should be examined to identify whether the confession was made voluntarily or invol untarily and whether the confession was reliable enough (Scheb, 2010, 497). The ruling in this case was reversed because the police had brutally interrogated the suspect due to this the suspect had confessed to commit the crime. One way of approaching any confession and/or admission made by a suspect s referred to as due process voluntariness approach. According to this approach if a suspect confesses to be guilty if police officials have used coercion while interrogation, the suspect’s statement of being guilty is not accepted during the proceedings of his case. For example: in Arizona v Fulminante case, it was found that an undercover federal law enforcer coerced Fulminate and then he confessed to being guilty of first degree murder (McCord, 2012, 419). In this case coercion was not physical in nature; rather the coercion was emotional in nature as the undercover federal agent assured to protect Fulminate in prison as there was threat to his life in prison. The undercover a gent made the promise to protect while asking for a confession in return. This case was treated under the 14th amendment clause of due process and the court ruled in Fulminate’s favour, accepting that coercion was applied to obtain a confession. When law enforcing agents apply unlawful method to obtain a confession from a suspect, this act conducted by the police officials is regarded as violation of an individual’s Miranda rights. The process of selection of a jury starts with the compiling of probable jurors, the compilation of to be jurors need to be unbiased and this compilation is of utmost importance. After the creation of the list of to be jurors, the body of jurors for a particular criminal case are selected. Selection of a body of jury out of the compiled potential jury list is recognized as selecting jurors for jury duty. Jury is said to be selected in three different stages. Firstly a list of to be jurors is compiled, next the jurors expected to be on jury d uty in a case are selected and lastly the selection of final jury members is conducted. The numbers of people who fall in the category of probable jury list are recognized as jury pool or list. This list is created through various sources and the best source is the list of registered voters (Neubauer, 2013, p.77). Other sources through which this list can be compiled